COVID-19 Ububiko bw'inkingo Ubushyuhe: Kuki ULT Freezer?

Ku ya 8 Ukuboza, Ubwongereza bwabaye igihugu cya mbere ku isi cyatangiye gukingiza abaturage urukingo rwa Pfizer rwemewe kandi rusuzumwa na COVID-19.Ku ya 10 Ukuboza, Ikigo gishinzwe ibiryo n'ibiyobyabwenge (FDA) kizaterana kugira ngo baganire ku byihutirwa by’urukingo rumwe.Vuba, ibihugu byisi yose bizakurikiza inzira, bifata ingamba zifatika zo kugeza kubaturage amamiriyoni yibi bikoresho byibirahure.

Kugumana ubushyuhe bukenewe bwa sub-zeru busabwa kugirango ubungabunge ubusugire buzaba ibikoresho byingenzi kubatanga inkingo.Noneho, inkingo zimaze igihe zitegerejwe amaherezo zigera kuri farumasi n'ibitaro, bigomba gukomeza kubikwa ku bushyuhe bwa zeru.

Kuki inkingo za COVID-19 zisaba ubushyuhe bukabije?

Bitandukanye n'urukingo rw'ibicurane, bisaba kubika dogere selisiyusi 5, urukingo rwa COVID-19 rwa Pfizer rusaba kubika kuri dogere selisiyusi 70.Ubu bushyuhe bwa sub-zeru bugera kuri dogere 30 gusa kurenza ubushyuhe bukonje bwanditswe muri Antaragitika.Nubwo bidakonje cyane, urukingo rwa Moderna ruracyasaba munsi ya zeru ya dogere selisiyusi 20, kugirango ikomeze imbaraga.

Kugirango twumve neza ubukonje bukonje, reka dusuzume ibice byinkingo nuburyo izo nkingo zikora neza.

Ikoranabuhanga rya mRNA

Inkingo zisanzwe, kimwe na grippe y'ibihe, kugeza ubu zakoresheje virusi idakomeye cyangwa idakora kugirango itume umubiri urinda umubiri.Inkingo za COVID-19 zakozwe na Pfizer na Moderna zikoresha intumwa RNA, cyangwa mRNA mugihe gito.mRNA ihindura ingirabuzimafatizo zabantu mu nganda, ibafasha gukora proteine ​​yihariye ya coronavirus.Poroteyine itanga ubudahangarwa mu mubiri, nkaho hari ubwandu bwa coronavirus.Mugihe kizaza, niba umuntu ahuye na coronavirus, sisitemu yumubiri irashobora kuyirwanya byoroshye.

Ikoranabuhanga rya mRNA ni shyashya cyane kandi urukingo rwa COVID-19 ruzaba urwa mbere muburyo bwemejwe na FDA.

Ubunebwe bwa mRNA

Molekile ya mRNA iroroshye cyane.Ntabwo bisaba byinshi kugirango bitume bisenyuka.Guhura nubushyuhe budasanzwe cyangwa enzymes birashobora kwangiza molekile.Kurinda urukingo imisemburo mumubiri, Pfizer yazinze mRNA mubituba byamavuta bikozwe muri lipide nanoparticles.Ndetse hamwe na bubble ikingira, mRNA irashobora kwangirika vuba.Kubika urukingo ku bushyuhe bwa zeru birinda uku gusenyuka, bikomeza ubusugire bwurukingo.

Amahitamo atatu yo kubika inkingo za COVID-19

Ku bwa Pfizer, abakwirakwiza inkingo bafite uburyo butatu mu bijyanye no kubika inkingo zabo COVID-19.Abatanga ibicuruzwa barashobora gukoresha firigo ya ULT, bagakoresha abatwara amashyuza kugirango babike by'agateganyo iminsi igera kuri 30 (bagomba kuzuza urubura rwumye buri minsi itanu), cyangwa kubika muri firigo ikingira iminsi itanu.Uruganda rukora ibya farumasi rwohereje abatwara amashyuza bakoresheje urubura rwumye hamwe na GPS ikoresha ibyuma bifata ibyuma birinda ubushyuhe kugira ngo birinde kuzenguruka ubushyuhe mu gihe berekeza aho bikoreshwa (POU).